Developing a Problem-Based Digital Module to Enhance Elementary Students’ Critical Thinking Skills

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Published: Mar 31, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55215/jppguseda.v9i1.35
Keywords:
conceptual understanding, critical thinking, digital module, elementary education, problem-based learning

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Tirta Puspita Sari
Universitas Pakuan
Yuyun Elizabeth Patras
Universitas Pakuan
Dadang Jaenudin
Universitas Pakuan
Muhammad Saeed Shahbaz
University of Central Punjab

Abstract

The researchers aim to develop a problem-based digital module that is valid, practical, and effective in improving fifth-grade students' critical thinking and conceptual understanding. The ADDIE paradigm implements research and development (R&D). The study had 25 fifth-grade students as subjects. Data were gathered via observation, interviews, questionnaires, and pre- and post-testing equipment. The experts validate the modules and instruments. N-gain is used for data analysis to help students improve their critical thinking and conceptual comprehension. The expert validation results demonstrated that this module was very practical in terms of material, media, and language. Product effectiveness was demonstrated using N-gain analysis and paired sample t-tests, which revealed a significant improvement in student learning outcomes. Positive feedback from students and teachers further validated the module's effectiveness. This study is unique because it integrates the PBL paradigm into a digital platform developed explicitly to translate conceptual understanding of Pancasila into applicable critical thinking abilities. The study found that implementing a PBL-based digital module in elementary schools improved students' critical thinking skills and conceptual comprehension of Pancasila Education.

Article Details

How to Cite
Sari, T. P., Patras, Y. E., Jaenudin, D., & Shahbaz, M. S. (2026). Developing a Problem-Based Digital Module to Enhance Elementary Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran Guru Sekolah Dasar (JPPGuseda), 9(1), 34–46. https://doi.org/10.55215/jppguseda.v9i1.35
Issue
Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)
Section
Articles
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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